The basement is a humid, stuffy place more than any other area in the building. With basements simply storing cars in commercial centers, they are also hotly polluted by the smell of gasoline and people coming in and out. Therefore, many contractors have prioritized the installation of basement ventilation systems to overcome the disadvantages of the basement. However, to understand more about this type of ventilation system, please read the following article of P69 Mechanical Factory!
What is a basement ventilation system?
The ventilation system for the basement is also known as the smoke extraction system. With outstanding features to help ventilate the basement, handle dust and toxic substances, pollution (CO, NO, NO2, ..) in the air. At the same time, the fresh air supply system brings an airy and fresh space to the basement.
The system includes supporting devices such as: exhaust/smoke fan, air/smoke inlet, air outlet, air duct and some other accompanying accessories.
Working principle of basement ventilation system
– The operating principle of the smoke extraction and ventilation system in the basement is based on the exhaust fan mechanism that will suck the dust and harmful emissions hidden inside the basement and then discharge it to the outside through the duct system.
– In the closed basement, there is a pressure difference. Therefore, the air outside the environment will be sucked in and brought in through the exhaust outlets to balance the stable air volume. Of course, the amount of air when brought in has been safely cooled and decontaminated.
– Moreover, the process of dust extraction and exhaust of this ventilation system is taking place continuously. Thanks to that, the air inside the basement is always in a stable state, free of harmful substances.
Why build a basement ventilation system?
– The basement is a humid, stuffy place more than all other areas in the building. With basements simply storing cars in commercial centers, they are also hotly polluted by the smell of gasoline and people coming in and out.
– With basements used as warehouses, storing furniture, goods, food, unpleasant odors, mold, and harmful bacteria are hidden. Therefore, basement ventilation is not only to reduce CO, but also to reduce harmful radon gases (a gas that can cause lung cancer even if you don’t smoke).
Standards of basement ventilation systems
– The standard of the basement ventilation system is commonly known as standard 5687-2010. With this standard, the amount of exhaust will be equal to 6 times the air exchange multiple for the basement. If the basement is over 2.5m high, the designer needs to calculate an additional coefficient according to the height increase as prescribed by the standard.
– Except for the popular 5687 – 2010 standard, you can also refer to other standards such as Australian standards, Ashrae 60.1 standards or SS553 – 2016 standards.
Design steps for basement ventilation system for high-rise buildings
This is the system that is applied to most high-rise buildings, so that all activities below the basement are always maintained normally. The design of the ventilation system includes the following steps:
1. Analyze the structure and choose the appropriate basement design option
– First, to get a detailed design drawing of the ventilation system for the basement, the construction unit needs to learn carefully about the building structure. And firmly grasp the information about the total area, height and infrastructure system of the building. After that, the implementing unit will choose a suitable design plan that is convenient for the installation process.
– Usually, there will be 2 design options: natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation. Depending on the structure of the project to choose the most suitable plan.
2. Steps to design basement ventilation system
– When the design option has been selected, the unit conducts the design of the basement smoke extraction system. The design needs to be shown in detail, detailing the location to install ventilation and smoke extraction equipment to achieve the highest efficiency.
3. Calculation of wind flow and loss head
– The implementing unit must carefully calculate the wind flow and loss head to select the appropriate supply and exhaust fan. This is an extremely important stage that determines the effectiveness of the smoke extraction and ventilation system of the basement.
– In addition, engineers also need to calculate the amount of inlet/suction, air intake so that the wind speed at the doors must be at the allowed standard level (1m/s supply door and 1.5m intake door). /S)
4. Select the devices that match the calculated parameters
– For each device, there will be different capacity, so the investor should learn to choose the right equipment to ensure the basement smoke extraction system brings the best performance.
Notes when choosing and installing basement ventilation systems
If you are in need of choosing and installing a basement ventilation system, here are some notes for you:
– The size and height of the basement ventilation fan must match the basement space
– The amount of air drawn out in the basement is an important parameter that you must calculate accurately
– The energy of the power source used to supply the fan system must be guaranteed
– The equipment when selected for installation in the space needs to meet the standards of durability and quality
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Contact information P69 . Mechanical Factory
Address: Km 18, Thang Long Boulevard, Thach That Quoc Oai Industrial Park, Hanoi
Office: No. 06/165C, Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi
Phone: 09666 86 969
Hotline: 0989 188 982
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